Microwave Guide - How It Works
How your Microwave works step by step
The cooking capability of the microwave oven is provided by the heating effect of high-frequency radio waves on food. The oven only produces microwaves at intervals during the cooking process - the number and length of the pauses is dictated by the power level chosen.
| 1 |
The cooking time and power level are set using the control panel. There may also be presets for common tasks such as defrosting and reheating. |
| 2 |
The 230V mains supply passes through safety systems designed to cut the power in the event of overheating or the door being opened. |
| 3 |
The mains voltage is stepped up by a transformer and a capacitor to around 3000V, to power the magnetron, which generates the microwaves. |
| 4 |
The microwaves are conducted through the wave guide into the cooking chamber. Here they are reflected from the walls and door, and penetrate the food from the sides and above. |
| 5 |
A turntable rotates the food slowly to give even cooking. Some ovens achieve this by using a microwave stirrer instead. This is positioned inside the roof of the chamber. |
How microwaves cook food
Microwave ovens cook using high-frequency radio waves (microwaves), oscillating at approximately 2.5GHz. At this frequency, microwaves are absorbed by water, certain fats and sugars - the primary constituents of most foods.
In a water molecule, the two hydrogen atoms (shown in red) carry a small positive charge, and the oxygen atom (blue) carries a negative charge.
The oscillating electric field of the microwave interacts with these charged atoms to cause the molecule to twist. This rotation causes friction, producing heat to cook food or boil fluids.
Information provided is a guide only. eSpares accepts no liability for any problems occurring whilst attempting any advice shown. If in any doubt about fixing your appliance, always contact a qualified repairer.